Category Archives: Vulnerability

Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday October 2021, Autodiscover, MysterySnail, Exchange, DNS, Apache, HAProxy, VMware vCenter, Moodle

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Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday October 2021, Autodiscover, MysterySnail, Exchange, DNS, Apache, HAProxy, VMware vCenter, Moodle. Hello everyone! This episode will be about relatively recent critical vulnerabilities. Let’s start with Microsoft Patch Tuesday for October 2021. Specifically, with the vulnerability that I expected there, but it didn’t get there.

Autodiscover leak discovered by Guardicore Labs

“Autodiscover, a protocol used by Microsoft Exchange for automatic configuration of clients such as Microsoft Outlook, has a design flaw that causes the protocol to “leak” web requests to Autodiscover domains outside of the user’s domain but in the same TLD (i.e. Autodiscover.com).” Guardicore Labs acquired multiple Autodiscover domains and have captured 372,072 Windows domain credentials in total. It seems Microsoft have chosen to ignore this issue. No CVE, no Outlook or ActiveSync patches. The only fix is to ban the “Autodiscover.” domains on devices.

Microsoft Patch Tuesday for October 2021

74 vulnerabilities: 1 Critical, 30 High, 43 Medium.

Elevation of Privilege – Windows Kernel (CVE-2021-40449)

It is a use-after-free vulnerability in the NtGdiResetDC function of the Win32k driver. A detailed technical description is available in Kasperky Securelist post, but, in short, the vulnerability can lead to leakage of kernel module addresses in the computer’s memory. This vulnerability is being exploited in the wild by APT MysterySnail. All servers and desktops should be updated.

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Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday September 2021, OMIGOD, MSHTML RCE, Confluence RCE, Ghostscript RCE, FORCEDENTRY Pegasus

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Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday September 2021, OMIGOD, MSHTML RCE, Confluence RCE, Ghostscript RCE, FORCEDENTRY Pegasus. Hello everyone! This time, let’s talk about recent vulnerabilities. I’ll start with Microsoft Patch Tuesday for September 2021. I created a report using my Vulristics tool. You can see the full report here.

The most interesting thing about the September Patch Tuesday is that the top 3 VM vendors ignored almost all RCEs in their reviews. However, there were interesting RCEs in the Office products. And what is most unforgivable is that they did not mention CVE-2021-38647 RCE in OMI – Open Management Infrastructure. Only ZDI wrote about this.

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Security News: Exchange ProxyShell, Zoom RCE, Citrix Canceled PT Acknowledgments, Cisco No Patch Router RCEs

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Security News: Exchange ProxyShell, Zoom RCE, Citrix Canceled PT Acknowledgments, Cisco No Patch Router RCEs. Hello everyone! This is a new episode with my comments on the latest Information Security news.

Exchange ProxyShell

I want to start with something about attacks on Exchange. ProxyShell is in the news, the LockFile ransomware compromised more than 2000 servers. On the other hand, there is basically nothing to say here.

ProxyShell is the name for 3 vulnerabilities. The bulletins for Remote Code Execution CVE-2021-34473 and Server Elevation of Privilege CVE-2021-34523 were released on July 13, but were fixed by April Patch Tuesday patches. Yes, it happens sometimes. The bulletin for Security Feature Bypass CVE-2021-31207 was released on May 11. Users had 4 months to install the updates. Interestingly, 2 out of 3 vulnerabilities have the property “Less likely to be exploited”. As you can see, it’s pretty useless.

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Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday August 2021, Phishers Started Using reCAPTCHA, Scan 1 IP and Go to Jail

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Security News: Microsoft Patch Tuesday August 2021, Phishers Started Using reCAPTCHA, Scan 1 IP and Go to Jail. Hello everyone! Yet another news episode.

Microsoft’s August Patch Tuesday

Let’s start with Microsoft’s August Patch Tuesday. I think the most interesting thing is that it contains a fix for the PetitPotam vulnerability. I talked about this vulnerability two weeks ago. At the time, Microsoft had no plans to release a patch because PetitPotam was a “classic NTLM Relay Attack”. But the patch was actually released as part of August Patch Tuesday.

A quote from Rapid7: “Tracked as CVE-2021-36942, the August 2021 Patch Tuesday security update blocks the affected API calls OpenEncryptedFileRawA and OpenEncryptedFileRawW through the LSARPC interface”.

There are no formal signs that this vulnerability is critical other than comments from the vendors. My Vulristics tool has flagged this “Windows LSA Spoofing” as a Medium level Vulnerability. But this fix seems to be the most important thing in this Patch Tuesday. So install this patch first.

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Last Week’s Security News: Black Hat Pwnie Awards, iPhone Checks Photos, Evil Windows Print Server, Cisco VPN Routers Takeovers

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Last Week’s Security News: Black Hat Pwnie Awards, iPhone Checks Photos, Evil Windows Print Server, Cisco VPN Routers Takeovers. Hello everyone! Last Week’s Security News, August 1 – August 8.

Black Hat Pwnie Awards

Last week was more quiet than normal with Black Hat USA and DEF CON security conferences. I would like to start with the Pwnie Awards, which are held annually at Black Hat. It’s like an Oscar or Tony in the information security world. Pwnie Awards recognizes both excellence and incompetence. And, in general, is a very respectable, adequate and fun event.

There were 10 nominations. I will note a few.

  • Firstly 2 nominations, which were received by the guys from Qualys.
    Best Privilege Escalation Bug: Baron Samedit, a 10-year-old exploit in sudo.
    Most Under-Hyped Research: 21Nails, 21 vulnerabilities in Exim, the Internet’s most popular mail server.
  • Best Server-Side Bug: Orange Tsai, for his Microsoft Exchange Server ProxyLogon attack surface discoveries.
  • Most Epic Fail: Microsoft, for their failure to fix PrintNightmare.
  • Best Song: The Ransomware Song by Forrest Brazeal

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Last Week’s Security news: Serious Sam in Metasploit, PetitPotam, Zimbra Hijack, Joint Advisory TOP30 CVEs

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Last Week’s Security news: Serious Sam in Metasploit, PetitPotam, Zimbra Hijack, Joint Advisory TOP30 CVEs. Hello everyone! Last Week’s Security News, July 26 – August 1.

Serious Sam in Metasploit

Last week I talked about the Serious Sam vulnerability (CVE-2021-36934), also known as HiveNightmare. The name HiveNightmare comes from the fact that Windows stores its registry data in a small number of proprietary database files called hives. Due to mismanagement of SAM and SYSTEM hives in Windows 10, it is possible for an unprivileged user to read those files and then, for example, extract the account password hashes. An exploit for this vulnerability is now available in Metasploit and it will be much easier for attackers to exploit this vulnerability. The issues is still under investigation by Microsoft and a patch is not currently available, only the list of vulnerable OS versions, however a workaround has been provided.

PetitPotam

At the beginning of last week, PetitPotam (Little Hippo) attack made a lot of noise. It could force remote Windows systems to reveal password hashes that could then be easily cracked.

“The PetitPotam bug is tied to the Windows operating system and the abuse of a remote access protocol called Encrypting File System Remote Protocol (MS-EFSRPC). The protocol is designed to allow Windows systems to access remote encrypted data stores, allowing for management of the data while enforcing access control policies. […]
The PetitPotam PoC is a form of manipulator-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against Microsoft’s NTLM authentication system. Next, an attacker uses the file-sharing protocol Server Message Block (SMB) to request access to a remote system’s MS-EFSRPC interface. According to [security researcher Gilles Lionel], this forces the targeted computer to initiate an authentication procedure and share its authentication details via NTLM.

In response to the public availability of the PoC, Microsoft was quick to respond, outlining several mitigation options. For starters, Microsoft recommends disabling NTLM authentication on Windows domain controllers. It also suggests enabling the Extended Protection for Authentication (EPA) feature on AD CS services.”

But there won’t be any special fix. Microsoft: “PetitPotam is a classic NTLM Relay Attack, and such attacks have been previously documented by Microsoft along with numerous mitigation options to protect customers.”

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Last Week’s Security news: Pegasus, SeriousSAM, Sequoia

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Last Week’s Security news: Pegasus, SeriousSAM, Sequoia. Hello everyone! After 4 episodes of the Last Week’s Security news, I decided to change the format. I will no longer try to cover all the important news, because it takes a long time to prepare such reviews. So, from now on, I will focus only on a few news of the past week, which I subjectively consider the most interesting.

So, the last week, July 19 – July 25. In my opinion, the most interesting news was the scandal related to the iPhone Pegasus spyware and two Elevations of Privileges: SeriousSAM for Windows and Sequoia for Linux.

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